Struct SmallCStr

pub struct SmallCStr {
    data: SmallVec<[u8; 36]>,
}

Like SmallVec but for C strings.

Fields

data: SmallVec<[u8; 36]>

Implementations

impl SmallCStr

pub fn new(s: &str) -> SmallCStr

pub fn new_with_nul(s: &str) -> SmallCStr

pub fn as_c_str(&self) -> &CStr

pub fn len_with_nul(&self) -> usize

pub fn spilled(&self) -> bool

Methods from Deref<Target = CStr>

pub fn as_ptr(&self) -> *const i8

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Returns the inner pointer to this C string.

The returned pointer will be valid for as long as self is, and points to a contiguous region of memory terminated with a 0 byte to represent the end of the string.

The type of the returned pointer is *const c_char, and whether it’s an alias for *const i8 or *const u8 is platform-specific.

WARNING

The returned pointer is read-only; writing to it (including passing it to C code that writes to it) causes undefined behavior.

It is your responsibility to make sure that the underlying memory is not freed too early. For example, the following code will cause undefined behavior when ptr is used inside the unsafe block:

use std::ffi::CString;

// Do not do this:
let ptr = CString::new("Hello").expect("CString::new failed").as_ptr();
unsafe {
    // `ptr` is dangling
    *ptr;
}

This happens because the pointer returned by as_ptr does not carry any lifetime information and the CString is deallocated immediately after the CString::new("Hello").expect("CString::new failed").as_ptr() expression is evaluated. To fix the problem, bind the CString to a local variable:

use std::ffi::CString;

let hello = CString::new("Hello").expect("CString::new failed");
let ptr = hello.as_ptr();
unsafe {
    // `ptr` is valid because `hello` is in scope
    *ptr;
}

This way, the lifetime of the CString in hello encompasses the lifetime of ptr and the unsafe block.

pub fn count_bytes(&self) -> usize

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Returns the length of self. Like C’s strlen, this does not include the nul terminator.

Note: This method is currently implemented as a constant-time cast, but it is planned to alter its definition in the future to perform the length calculation whenever this method is called.

Examples

use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0").unwrap();
assert_eq!(cstr.count_bytes(), 3);

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"\0").unwrap();
assert_eq!(cstr.count_bytes(), 0);

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Returns true if self.to_bytes() has a length of 0.

Examples

use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0")?;
assert!(!cstr.is_empty());

let empty_cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"\0")?;
assert!(empty_cstr.is_empty());
assert!(c"".is_empty());

pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> &[u8]

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Converts this C string to a byte slice.

The returned slice will not contain the trailing nul terminator that this C string has.

Note: This method is currently implemented as a constant-time cast, but it is planned to alter its definition in the future to perform the length calculation whenever this method is called.

Examples

use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0").expect("CStr::from_bytes_with_nul failed");
assert_eq!(cstr.to_bytes(), b"foo");

pub fn to_bytes_with_nul(&self) -> &[u8]

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Converts this C string to a byte slice containing the trailing 0 byte.

This function is the equivalent of CStr::to_bytes except that it will retain the trailing nul terminator instead of chopping it off.

Note: This method is currently implemented as a 0-cost cast, but it is planned to alter its definition in the future to perform the length calculation whenever this method is called.

Examples

use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0").expect("CStr::from_bytes_with_nul failed");
assert_eq!(cstr.to_bytes_with_nul(), b"foo\0");

pub fn bytes(&self) -> Bytes<'_>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (cstr_bytes)

Iterates over the bytes in this C string.

The returned iterator will not contain the trailing nul terminator that this C string has.

Examples

#![feature(cstr_bytes)]
use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0").expect("CStr::from_bytes_with_nul failed");
assert!(cstr.bytes().eq(*b"foo"));

pub fn to_str(&self) -> Result<&str, Utf8Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Yields a &str slice if the CStr contains valid UTF-8.

If the contents of the CStr are valid UTF-8 data, this function will return the corresponding &str slice. Otherwise, it will return an error with details of where UTF-8 validation failed.

Examples

use std::ffi::CStr;

let cstr = CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"foo\0").expect("CStr::from_bytes_with_nul failed");
assert_eq!(cstr.to_str(), Ok("foo"));

pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<'_, str>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (c_str_module)

Converts a CStr into a Cow<str>.

If the contents of the CStr are valid UTF-8 data, this function will return a Cow::Borrowed(&str) with the corresponding &str slice. Otherwise, it will replace any invalid UTF-8 sequences with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER and return a Cow::Owned(&str) with the result.

Examples

Calling to_string_lossy on a CStr containing valid UTF-8. The leading c on the string literal denotes a CStr.

use std::borrow::Cow;

assert_eq!(c"Hello World".to_string_lossy(), Cow::Borrowed("Hello World"));

Calling to_string_lossy on a CStr containing invalid UTF-8:

use std::borrow::Cow;

assert_eq!(
    c"Hello \xF0\x90\x80World".to_string_lossy(),
    Cow::Owned(String::from("Hello �World")) as Cow<'_, str>
);

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for SmallCStr

fn clone(&self) -> SmallCStr

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Deref for SmallCStr

type Target = CStr

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &CStr

Dereferences the value.

impl From<&CStr> for SmallCStr

fn from(s: &CStr) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<'a> FromIterator<&'a str> for SmallCStr

fn from_iter<T: IntoIterator<Item = &'a str>>(iter: T) -> Self

Creates a value from an iterator.

Layout

Note: Most layout information is completely unstable and may even differ between compilations. The only exception is types with certain repr(...) attributes. Please see the Rust Reference's “Type Layout” chapter for details on type layout guarantees.

Size: 48 bytes